一般过去时的结构_英语八大时态总结表
时态是初中英语学习中的核心内容,掌握了时态,就能轻松驾驭大部分语法知识。在初中阶段,时态的掌握至关重要,尤其是以下八种时态,它们不仅是考试重点,也是日常学习中不可或缺的部分。期末复习时,大家务必给予特别关注!(小贴士:记得收藏这篇文章,方便随时查看哦!)
英语八大时态详解:
一、一般现在时
标志:动词原形
表示经常性、习惯性动作,常与频度副词连用,如:always, usually, often, every等。
例如:She often speaks English.
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
表示现在的状态、特征、职业或能力。
例如:He seems to feel a bit down today.
He works as a driver.
表示普遍真理或科学事实,常用于格言和警句中。
例如:Shanghai lies in the east of China.
Columbus proved that the Earth is round.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
表示现在正在发生的动作,虽然动作本身是瞬间发生的。
例如:Here comes the bus!
表示将来,主要在以下几种情况使用:
(1)表示根据安排或计划将来发生的动作。通常涉及交通工具等按时发车的情形。
例如:The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.
How often does the shuttle bus run?
(2)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。
例如:When Bill comes, ask him to wait for me.
I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy.
二、一般过去时
标志:动词过去式
表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与过去时间状语连用。
例如:Jim rang you just now.
Liu Ying was in America last year.
表示过去常常发生的动作,尤其是用“used to”表示的习惯。
例如:When I was a kid, I often played football in the street.
She used to visit her mother once a week.
表示委婉、客气或询问的语气,常用于某些动词如 want, hope, wonder, think等,或情态动词could,would等。
例如:I wondered if you could have a word with me.
I hoped you could help me with my English.
Would you mind my sitting here?
虚拟语气中,表示现在或将来可能发生的动作或状态,如:
It is time that he did it.
I would rather he did it.
三、一般将来时
标志:will/shall + 动词原形
表示将来某个时间将发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示未来的时间状语连用。
例如:We shall have a lot of rain next month.
My husband will come back in a few days.
表示倾向性或习惯性的动作。
例如:Fish will die without water.
When it gets warmer, the snow will start to melt.
一般将来时的几种常见句型:
(1)will/shall + 动词原形:用于表示未来会发生的事情,或者主观的愿望。
例如:I will help you.
We shall meet them tomorrow.
(2)be going to + 动词原形:表示即将发生或打算做的事。
例如:It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
(3)be to + 动词原形:表示按计划或安排将要发生的事情。
例如:He is to visit Japan next year.
We are to discuss the report on Monday.
(4)be about to + 动词原形:表示即将发生的动作,通常用于紧接着发生的事情。
例如:The plane is about to start.
Don’t worry. I am about to make a close examination on you.
四、现在进行时
标志:be + 动词的现在分词
表示正在发生的动作。
例如:She is writing a letter upstairs.
Who are you waiting for?
It is raining heavily.
表示现阶段正在进行的动作,即使说话时动作未必正发生。
例如:I hear Mr. Green is writing another novel.
表示习惯性或反复发生的动作,带有情感色彩,如喜爱、责备、厌烦等,常与always, constantly, forever等频度副词连用。
例如:John is forever asking silly questions.
He is always thinking of others first.
表示将来,常见于已安排好的事件。
例如:Uncle Wang is coming.
They’re leaving for Beijing.
五、过去进行时
标志:was/were + 动词的现在分词
表示过去某时正在进行的动作,常见时间状语有:the whole morning, all day yesterday, from January to March last year等。
例如:I was having a talk with Lucy at that time.
They were watching TV at home last night.
表示过去习惯性或反复出现的动作,通常与always, constantly等频度副词连用。
例如:My brother was always losing his keys.
表示按计划、安排,过去某时将发生的动作。
例如:He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon.
描述背景动作,一个长时间持续的动作与另一个短暂动作同时发生。
例如:Granny fell asleep when she was reading.
It was raining when they left the station.
六、现在完成时
标志:have/has + 动词的过去分词
表示过去发生并已完成的动作对现在产生影响或结果。
例如:I have lost my keys.
She has just finished her homework.
表示过去某个时间段内发生的动作或状态,但不确定是否已结束。
例如:He has lived here for five years.
I’ve worked in this company since 2010.
以上八种时态是英语语习中的重点,掌握了它们,英语语法的框架就基本搭建完成了。在复习时,可以结合具体例句进行总结和练习,逐步加深对时态的理解。