insist的用法及短语,记住这些搭配考试不丢分
动词 "Insist" 的核心用法
"Insist" 是一个常用的英语动词,主要表达“坚持”、“坚决认为”或“坚决要求”的意思。根据语境和搭配的不同,它可以有不同的侧重点和含义。其基本用法主要分为以下两种:
1. 表示“坚持(某观点、信念)”,强调说话人对自己看法的确定和执着。
这种用法通常不直接跟宾语从句,或者跟 `that` 引导的宾语从句时,从句通常使用陈述句语序,且常表达说话人坚持的信念或看法。句子的主语通常是 `insist` 的执行者,谓语动词用一般现在时。这种坚持可以是关于事实的判断,也可以是主观的看法或信念。
结构: Subject + `insist` + (that + Subject + Verb [usually simple present]) + (rest of the sentence)
含义: "I/He/She insists that he/she believes/says/thinks..."
例句:
She insists that she is right. (她坚持她是对的。)—— 这里 `that` 从句是 `she is right`,使用了陈述句语序。
He insists on his innocence. (他坚持自己无辜。)—— 这里的 `on` 是介词,后面跟名词或动名词(gerund),表达坚持某个名词性内容。严格来说,这里没有直接跟 `that` 从句,但意思也是坚持一个观点(自己无辜)。也可以理解为 `He insists that he is innocent.`
The old man insists that he saw the thief. (老人坚持他看到了小偷。)—— 强调他对看到小偷这一事实的坚持。
They insist that the decision must be made soon. (他们坚持决策必须尽快做出。)—— 强调他们对决策紧迫性的看法。
注意: 在这种表示“坚持信念”的用法中,即使 `that` 从句描述的是将来的动作或情况,从句谓语动词也通常用一般现在时,表示坚持的是一种普遍信念或既定看法,而非强求未来发生某事。
2. 表示“坚决要求”、“坚持要(做某事)”,强调说话人要求对方或自己必须执行某动作。
这种用法常跟 `on doing something` 或 `that + Subject + (should) do something` 结构。`on doing something` 结构更常见,表示对某个具体行动的坚持要求。`that` 从句结构则更侧重于要求对方做某事,常用于比较正式的场合,且 `should` 可以省略,表示强烈的命令或要求。
结构 (常用): Subject + `insist` + `on` + Gerund (Verb-ing)
含义: "I/He/She insists on doing something." (我/他/她坚持要做某事。)
例句:
She insists on paying for the meal. (她坚持要买单。)—— 强调她一定要付钱这个动作。
He insists on being treated fairly. (他坚持要被公平对待。)—— 强调他对公平待遇的坚持要求。
The manager insists on everyone arriving on time. (经理坚持要求每个人准时到达。)—— 对下属的明确要求。
结构 (较少用,较正式): Subject + `insist` + `that` + Subject + `(should)` + Verb
含义: "I/He/She insists that (s)he (should) do something." (我/他/她坚持(某人)应该做某事。)
例句:
The director insisted that the report (should) be finished by Friday. (导演坚持报告必须在周五前完成。)—— 较正式的命令或要求,`should` 可以省略,即 "The report should be finished by Friday."
They insist that the terms must be accepted as they are. (他们坚持条款必须原样接受。)—— 表达非常强硬的要求。
"Insist" 的常见短语搭配 (Phrasal Verbs & Collocations)
1. Insist on (doing) something: 这是最核心、最常用的搭配,如上所述,表示“坚持做某事”或“坚决要求某事”。
Example: He insists on his right to speak. (他坚持他有发言权。)
2. Insist that... (should)...: 用于正式场合,强调要求或命令某人(should)做某事。
Example: The regulations insist that all passengers (should) fasten their seatbelts. (规定要求所有乘客系好安全带。)
3. Insist (that) something (should) be done: 与上条类似,但将 `that` 从句的动词改为被动语态,强调某事(应该)被做。
Example: The committee insists that the matter be dealt with immediately. (会坚持要求立即处理此事。)
4. Insist on something / Insist upon something: 这两者意思完全相同,`upon` 更为正式一些,但 `on` 更常用。
Example: She insists on getting her own way. (她坚持要按自己的方式。)
Example: He insisted upon a personal apology. (他坚持要对方亲自道歉。)
5. Insist + Adjective: 后面直接跟形容词,表示坚持某个状态或观点。
Example: They insist that the situation is not as bad as reported. (他们坚持情况不像报道的那样糟糕。)
Example: She insists on being treated like an . (她坚持要像大人一样被对待。)
6. Insist (that) something + be (the case): 用于强调某个事实或情况。
Example: I insist that the facts be made clear. (我坚持要事实澄清。)
7. Insist (that) someone + Verb (Past Participle): 表示坚持认为某人已经做了某事(通常是不希望发生的事)。
Example: The insisted that the driver had driven too fast. (警方坚持认为司机开得太快。)
考试要点
1. 区分核心含义: 牢记 "insist" 主要有两种核心含义——坚持信念
